Skill
Learn how to make items in a list or pair follow the same grammatical pattern.
Parallel structure means that similar ideas use similar grammar. TOEFL Written Expression questions often test lists, paired conjunctions, and comparisons. If one item is a noun, the other items should usually be nouns. If one item is a gerund, the others should match that form.
Common parallel markers include and, or, both and, either or, and comparisons with than or as. Check both sides of the connector and make the forms match.
Complete the following exercises to reinforce what you’ve learned:
Choose the incorrect part: The workshop teaches students how to organize notes, writing outlines, and revise drafts.
Answer: writing outlines. The list should be parallel: organize notes, write outlines, and revise drafts.
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